The thermal conductivity of vacuum insulation panels (VIPs), which are widely used for their excellent insulation performance, strongly depends on the design of the core materials, and there is a continuous demand for improving core structures. In this study, core materials with various composites were fabricated by combining glass fibers, hollow silica particles, and silica aerogel to provide mechanical strength, maintain porosity through hollow structures, and introduce nanoporosity. To evaluate the structural and thermal properties of the composites, SEM and thermal conductivity measurements were performed. Through this, it is expected that the mechanical properties of VIPs core materials will be improved and core materials that simultaneously satisfy design flexibility and insulation properties will be manufactured.