Enhancing the rate capability of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) requires efficient ion transport within composite electrodes. Although reducing electrode thickness shortens ion transport pathways, it compromises areal capacity and limits practical use. Silicon-based materials (Si, SiOx, and Si/C) enable thinner electrodes while maintaining areal capacity due to their high specific capacity, but their large volume changes during cycling cause mechanical degradation, restricting their content in practical electrodes. In this study, SiOx/artificial graphite composite electrodes with different SiOx contents (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt%) were designed to investigate the trade-off between fast-charging performance and cyclability. Experimental characterization combined with two-dimensional electrochemo-mechanical modeling was used to evaluate fast-charging-related electrochemical behavior and internal stress evolution, providing design guidelines for silicon-based electrodes.