The Polymer Society of Korea

Abstract

In this study, we report multifunctional, flexible, lightweight, robust, and durable Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene–water-dispersible polyurethane composite thin films exhibiting outstanding EMI shielding and Joule heating performance. The combination of water-dispersible polyurethane dispersions (average particle size ~70 nm) and high-crystalline Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene (defect density <0.2 at.%) results in a partially segregated yet highly aligned and compact MXene laminate structure. This architecture significantly enhances mechanical strength, glass transition temperature, and thermal stability, while achieving excellent electrical conductivity and low percolation threshold. The films demonstrate exceptional EMI shielding in X-band and remarkable Joule heating characteristics, including high saturation temperatures, ultrafast heating rates, and long-term operational durability. This work provides important insights into the structure–property relationships of MXene–polymer composites and offers a practical strategy to address challenges in flexibility, lightweight design, mechanical robustness, and durability for multifunctional applications.