The Polymer Society of Korea

하제봉 (연세대학교 신소재공학과)

박철민 (연세대학교 산학협력단)

We report a single-cell hybrid energy harvester that combines a moisture-enabled generator (MEG) with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) for dual-mode power generation. The device is based on a 3D melamine foam uniformly coated with conductive MXene (Ti₃C₂Tx) nanosheets. A localized coating of organo-ionic hydrogel induces asymmetric ion migration, enabling moisture-induced electricity across various humidity and deformation conditions. The MXene/hydrogel foam also tolerates repeated mechanical contact, functioning as a robust TENG layer. This compact generator achieves up to 55 V, 102 μA, and 83 μW·cm⁻², with ~30% stretchability and 2.1 MPa compressive strength. We further demonstrate an emergency alarm system where the MEG powers a steady signal, while the TENG amplifies output upon human motion. This synergy enables reliable self-powered operation for safety-critical environments.