Overcoming the Energy Gap Law: Designing Two-Coordinate Gold(I) Complexes in the Red to Near-Infrared Emission Region
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Our research aims to achieve long-wavelength electroluminescence from two-coordinate Au(I) complexes. By controlling amido ligand structures, we have developed Au(I) complexes with the photoluminescence peak wavelength spanning 533-750 nm. Remarkably, these complexes maintain a high photoluminescence quantum yield of up to 10% in the near-infrared emission region, defying the energy gap law constraints. Quantum chemical calculations and photophysical analyses demonstrate the importance of radiative control which is parameterized with hole-electron distribution overlap (Sr(r)). Multilayer electroluminescence devices using our Au(I) complex emitters surpassed previous coinage metal complex devices, pushing the boundaries of the electroluminescence wavelength and the external quantum efficiency.