<em>Genetic manipulation of a single living cell using a nanowire-mediated gene delivery</em>
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Recently, we have witnessed dramatic advancements in genetic engineering, allowing us to edit genetic functions of cells either temporarily or permanently. However, current genetic manipulation should be conducted for a batch of cells; consequently, randomly chosen cells are engineered although indistinguishable non-engineered cells are still included in the batch. Here, we demonstrate a nanowire-mediated gene delivery technique enabling genetic manipulation at a single cell level without structural and physicochemical damages. Relying on chemical conjugation via a photocleavable linkage, a polymeric nanowire could be covered with high-density genetic materials and spatiotemporally located inside a target cell intentionally. When UV light was directly transmitted to the nanowire through a coupled optical fiber, the genetic materials on the nanowire surface could be immediately released in the living cell, thereby achieving highly efficient genetic manipulation of a target living cell.