Systematic design and synthesis of styrenic ionomers with various backbone structures for electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction
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We report a systematic design and synthesis of styrenic ionomers with different backbone structures and their applications in electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R). Ionomers are reported to play a crucial role in enhancing CO2R, but the relationship between the chemical structure of ionomers and CO2R performance is not well-understood. Ionomers containing different styrenic repeat units were thus carefully designed and synthesized to better understand the impact of the chemical structures on the CO2R. The ion exchange capacity (IEC) of each ionomer was fixed to regulate factors apart from hydrophobicity that could influence the CO2R performance. These ionomers were then implemented as binders with Cu electrocatalysts in a two-compartment cell to analyze the catalytic activity and selectivity quantitatively. This work indicates that the careful design of ionomers independent of other factors is important to understand the structure-property relationship of ionomers.