MXene, a novel 2D material composed of transition metals and carbon, has garnered significant attention due to its unique and controllable properties through chemical composition and surface functionalization, along with its excellent electrical characteristics. Herein, I’d like to introduce a promising approach of MXene-based hybrid nanostructures as catalysts for green hydrogen production via water electrolysis and CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage). By utilizing these materials as catalysts in photoelectrochemical and electrochemical reactions, we aim to achieve high-efficiency energy conversion performance. Our research explores dimension transformation of 2D MXene into 0D nanodots and the controlled defect engineering in MXene to grow heterostructured catalyst materials.