Frost Growing Mechanism and Thermodynamic Characterization of Water in Zwitterionic Hydrogel
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초록
내용
Machines operating in low-temperature environments, like heat exchangers, face inevitable frost growth on surfaces. However, frost formation leads to reduced heat transfer efficiency and energy efficiency due to decreased thermal conductivity. To suppress the frost formation and growth on the surface, it is necessary to understand the physical states of water—free, intermediate, and non-freezable water(freezes at 0℃, -20~-70℃, -100℃, respectively). Inhibiting frost growth requires promoting the proportion of intermediate water that remains unfrozen at lower temperatures. In this study, by synthesizing various zwitterionic hydrogels, the freezing temperature and physical state of water were analyzed according to monomer type, crosslinker concentration, swelling degree, etc. These hydrogels possess low freezing temperatures and demonstrate excellent anti-frost performance. The frost growth mechanisms and thermodynamic analysis of the hydrogels were also investigated.