Designing nonflammable organic carbonates for safe Li-ion battery electrolytes
발표자
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초록
내용
Fire and explosion hazards represent a major barrier to the widespread adoption of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Although mitigating the flammability of linear organic carbonate electrolytes in LIBs is an obvious solution to the thermal safety issue, it often comes at the expense of battery performance and cost. Herein, by combining alkyl-chain extension and alkoxy substitution, we demonstrate that molecular engineering of the linear carbonates presents a viable route to achieving thermally stable high-performance batteries. The tailored molecule exhibits a flash point that is 90 °C higher than that of conventional electrolytes while enabling stable cycling of practical pouch cells over 500 cycles. Further, the tailored electrolyte effectively alleviates heat and reactive gas release under thermal/mechanical/electrical abuse conditions, thereby preventing the thermal explosion of a 4 A h pouch cell upon nail penetration.