Electrically Controllable Colors and Patterns of Nematic Liquid Crystal Gels
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Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) are one-dimensional photonic materials and can self-assemble into helicoidal superstructures exhibiting circularly polarized reflection. Due to their optical properties, CLCs can be used in many industrial applications, such as reflective displays, tunable mirror-less lasers, optical storage, tunable color filters, and smart windows. The helicoidal structure of CLC can be stabilized via in-situ photopolymerization of liquid crystal monomers to create the polymer-stabilized CLCs (PSCLCs). Here, we present the electro-optic (EO) response and potential mechanism of PSCLCs studied by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) liquid crystal team over the past decade. These EO responses include bandwidth broadening, red and blue tuning of the reflection band, and reflection band switching by an electric field. Finally, we discuss the potential mechanism for the dynamic response of PSCLCs.