Programmable Soft Materials and Their Applications
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Shape Memory Vitrimers for Extrusion-Based 4D Printings with Reprocessable, Recyclable and Weldable Properties
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Vitrimers are attracting attention because of their cross-linked polymer architecture with reprocessability and recyclability based on an associative covalent adaptable network (CAN). Here, the vitrimers are prepared and the properties are tuned to make these materials extrudable/printable. The prepared vitrimers are utilized as a functional “ink” for extrusion-based 4D printing (Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) or Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)). The rheological properties of the vitrimers are adjusted by changing the chemical formulation and network architecture tailoring. Using the intrinsic cross-linked networks of the vitrimers, shape memory performance is demonstrated and used in 4D printing applications. A bond exchange reaction leads to the topological rearrangement of vitrimers, thus allowing them to be reprocessed, reshaped, recycled, and reprinted.