Implementation of Small-molecule Electrolytes as Cathode Interlayer for Polymer Solar Cells
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New small-molecule electrolytes named 4PBr and 2Ebr were designed and synthetized as the cathode interlayer for inverted PSCs. The structure of ((benzene-1,2,4,5-tetrayltetrakis(methylene))tetrakis(triphenylphosphonium) bromide) (4PBr) is constituted by a phenyl core with four benzyl triphenylphosphonium salts and (N,N0-(1,2-phenylenebis(methylene)) bis(N,N-diethylethanaminium) bromide) (2EBr) has two benzyl trialkyl ammonium salts. Both 2EBr and 4PBr have the advantage of allowing mass production with a simple synthetic procedure and high product yield. Inverted type PSCs based on ZnO with and without small-molecule electrolytes as the electron transporting layer were fabricated to investigate the effect of ionic functionalities on the photovoltaic properties. The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the devices based on 2EBr and 4PBr reached up to 9.56 % and 10.63 % respectively, which are superior than the PCE of the device based on pristine ZnO.