Binary Spiky/Spherical Nanoparticle Films with Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructures for High-Performance Flexible Pressure Sensors.
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Flexible pressure sensors have been widely developed for use in versatile applications in electronic skins, wearable devices. For these applications, there are still challenges such as high sensitivity, linearity, and simplification of fabrication process. Here, we demonstrated a highly flexible and sensitive pressure sensor based on a conductive binary spiky/spherical nanoparticle film fabricated by a simple spray coating process. The spiky and spherical nanoparticles are based on the core-shell structure of spherical silica nanoparticles decorated with polyaniline conductive shells. Our pressure sensor exhibits high sensitivity (17.5 kPa-1) and linear responsivity over a wide pressure range (0.008-120 kPa), owing to the effective stress concentration and gradual deformation of a multilevel nano/micro hierarchical porous structure. Moreover, the sensor shows high stability over 6,000 repeated cycles with a fast response time (90 ms), and practical applicability in wearable devices.