Facile Synthesis of Highly Porous Polystyrene Microspheres with Interconnected Open Pores for Catalytic Microreactors
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A simple method is proposed to produce highly porous polystyrene (PS) microspheres with interconnective open pores and a uniform size distribution, which were prepared by simply dispersing PS seed particles in an oil-in-water emulsion system. The proposed synthetic method was demonstrated to offer significant advantages over previously developed techniques; it was simple, fast, and easy to process, and did not require special additives such as surfactants, complex techniques, etching processes to generate pores, and sophisticated equipment. Catalytic microreactors were fabricated by synthesizing mono- and bimetallic nanocrystals on the surface of the porous microspheres via in situ chemical reduction. When the microreactors were used as a heterogenous catalyst for the 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction reaction by sodium borohydride (NaBH4), they exhibited extremely high catalytic activity and excellent recyclability.