Microfluidic fabrication of polyacrylic acid hydrogel microspheres toward calcium sensing
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A calcium sensor for human serum and saliva was fabricated with uniformly-sized crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogel droplets in the storage chamber of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip which was designed for flushing an aqueous solution with inlet and outlet channels. The uniformly-sized PAA droplets were produced by microfluidics with a mixture of AA and N, N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA, cross linker) as a disperse phase and mineral oil as a continuous phase after in-situ UV polymerization, functionalized with KOH in the PDMS chip, and succesfully used as an indicator of the amount of Ca2+ ions in an aqueous solution by measuring the droplet size.