Morphology and Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Foams via High Internal Phase Emulsion Templating by Polypyrrole-Coated CNTs
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Carbon foams can be prepared from polystyrene (PS) foams via high internal phase emulsion template. However, styrenic polymers do not have strong crosslinking and decompose into volatile products when heated above 400 °C. In this study, potential crosslinking sites were introduced by sulfonating the PS foam to prevent structural collapse at high temperature. In addition, CNTs modified with polypyrrole (PPy), a conductive polymer, were added. PPy-CNT has good affinity with the oil phase, resulting in a well-developed microcellular foam with improved electrical conductivity. Carbon foams having various cell sizes were obtained by carbonizing the prepared PS foams at 800 °C. PPy-CNT showed a significant effect on the morphology and cell size of the PS and carbon foams. As the content of the nanofiller increased, the cell size of the carbon foam reduced, and the electrical conductivity increased.