Continuous Fullerene Derivatives Network Formed Via Adhesion-Controlled Transfer Process for High-Performance Organic Photodiodes In Wireless Communication

Organic photodetectors (OPDs) have emerged as pivotal components in next-generation optoelectronics due to their high absorption coefficients and tunable bandgaps. While bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) structuresmaximize charge generation, the random distribution of donor and acceptor phases often limits charge collection efficiency and response speed. In this study, we highlight the strategic role of a continuous PC₇₁BM(fullerene derivative) layer in a novel multiple-active layer architecture(A/BHJ), where a discrete PC₇₁BM acceptor layer is integrated with a BHJ layer. To achieve this precise architecture, a velocity- and temperature-dependent transfer printing process was employed, optimized by calculating the energy release rate at theinterfaces to ensure the integrity of the continuous PC₇₁BM network. This structural modification significantly enhances device performance by providing a dual-benefit. The PC₇₁BM layer effectively establishes a high hole-injection barrier to suppress dark current while simultaneously passivating interfacial trap sites that typically hinder rapid response. Detailed investigation of the charge dynamics reveals that the continuous PC₇₁BM acceptor framework facilitates efficient electron extraction and reduces noise, resulting in a superior specific detectivity and a high-bandwidth response. As a practical demonstration, we showcase an efficient light-based wireless data communication system utilizing the A/BHJ OPD. Our findings suggest that architectural engineering of fullerene-based continuous layers provides a robust strategy forminimizing dark current and maximizing signal-to-noise ratios in high-speed organic optoelectronic applications.