Bioactive Composite Hydrogel Based on Porcine Skin-Derived Extracellular Matrix and Pectin Methacrylate for Wound Healing

Pectin methacrylate (PecMA) is a photocrosslinkable natural polymer with excellent biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties. However, PecMA lacks intrinsic bioactive cues that promote cell adhesion and tissue regeneration. In contrast, decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) retains structural proteins and bioactive components that provide a favorable microenvironment for cellular activities. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a bioactive composite hydrogel by incorporating porcine skin-derived ECM into PecMA for wound healing applications.

Porcine skin-derived ECM was obtained through a decellularization process and mixed with PecMA to fabricate a photocrosslinkable composite hydrogel. The physicochemical properties of the hydrogel were evaluated by swelling, degradation, and compressive strength tests. The internal morphology and pore structure were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Biocompatibility was assessed using an MTT assay with NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, and the wound healing potential was evaluated through an in vitro scratch assay.

The ECM/PecMA composite hydrogel is expected to provide a more favorable environment for cell attachment and proliferation than PecMA alone due to the presence of ECM-derived bioactive components. Improved cell viability, enhanced cell migration, and a porous microstructure suitable for tissue regeneration are anticipated. This study demonstrates the potential of the ECM/PecMA composite hydrogel as a promising biomaterial for skin tissue engineering and wound healing.

Keywords: Porcine skin-derived ECM, Pectin methacrylate, Hydrogel, Wound healing