Thermoset Polyurethane Coatings for Automotive Interiors: Optimization of Thermal Curing and Analysis of Thermal Aging Effects
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Thermoset polyurethane (PU) is preferred as a coating material for automotive interiors due to its superior properties. In this study, the thermal curing process of commercial-grade PU coatings was optimized using advanced spectroscopic tools. Conventional FTIR spectra were collected at various curing temperatures and times, and analyzed using two-dimensional (2D) gradient maps and 2D correlation spectroscopy. The optimal curing process was determined to be at 80 °C for 30 minutes.
Furthermore, PU coatings are frequently exposed to high temperatures, particularly in extreme environments such as deserts and equatorial regions, leading to thermal aging. The physical aging of PU coatings was investigated within the temperature range of 80-130 °C using rheological and spectroscopic analyses. Despite the chemically crosslinked PU being infusible, it exhibited a phase transition to liquid-like characteristics above its Tg, attributed to the activated segmental motion of the hard segments.