Hydrothermal Synthesis of Double Metal Cyanide Catalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> Fixation into Propylene Oxide
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A series of highly crystalline double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts were investigated for the ring-opening polymerization of propylene oxide and the fixation of CO2 into propylene oxide. By employing solvothermal treatment with various polymeric templates (molecular weights of 400−6000 g mol−1), the need for excess heavy metal salts and harmful organic complexing agents during DMC catalyst preparation was eliminated, addressing environmental concerns. The resulting DMC catalysts exhibited remarkably high activities, producing high quality polyether polyols with controlled molecular weights, narrow dispersity, and very low degrees of unsaturation. Additionally, poly(ether carbonate) polyols were produced with high yields (70%) and significant carbonate content (up to 50%) via the ring-opening copolymerization of CO2 and propylene oxide. Furthermore, cyclic propylene carbonates were obtained with high yields (up to 80%) through the cycloaddition of CO2 to propylene oxide