Wax incorporated GFRP with improved mechanical properties as well as self-healing and self-lubricating performances
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Glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are widely used for their strength and lightweight properties. However, they suffer from friction and wear in harsh conditions, leading to scratches that reduce their lifespan and quality. This study introduces an innovative approach to incorporating wax into GFRP to enhance mechanical properties while achieving self-healing and self-lubricating functions. The "wax sweating" phenomenon occurs as the temperature rises, causing the wax to move to the surface and fill scratches, creating a smooth surface. The self-healing property allows wax to repair scratches through heat treatment, while the self-lubricating property reduces friction and wear. Additionally, wax integration induces micro-phase separation, relieving stress concentration and delaying crack propagation, thus improving mechanical strength. This study demonstrates that a simple process of incorporating wax into GFRP can impart multiple functionalities simultaneously.