Development of Glycol Gel Electrolytes for Supercapacitors Operable in Extreme Environments
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Hydrogel electrolytes are used in various electrochemical devices due to their ionic conductivity and flexibility but have limitations in high-performance energy storage devices due to poor mechanical strength and stability. In contrast, glycol gel electrolytes are suitable for manufacturing durable supercapacitors, with ethylene glycol being a representative example. However, ethylene glycol gel electrolytes still have a narrow operating temperature range, resulting in performance degradation. Therefore, to develop a flexible energy storage device that operates under extreme conditions, a novel glycol gel must be capable of (a) high ionic conductivity over a wide temperature range, (b) resistance to solvent evaporation at high temperatures, and (c) anti-freezing at low temperatures. This study proposes a glycol gel electrolyte for extreme environments using propylene glycol and butylene glycol, improving resistance to low (-30°C) and high temperatures (120°C).