Valorization of battery manufacturing wastewater: Recovery of high-value metal ions through reaction-enhanced membrane cascade
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초록
내용
This study presents an efficient method for recovering transition metal ions (Ni, Co, Cu, Cd) from highly saline battery wastewater (Na, Li, K, Mg). Our approach effectively utilizes a reaction-enhanced membrane cascade (REMC), comprising a meticulously orchestrated series of selective complexation-decomplexation steps involving polyethyleneimine (PEI) and transition metal ions. This strategic intervention effectively segregates transition metal ions from salt ions during the fractionation process using an ultrafiltration membrane in a diafiltration process, overcoming osmotic pressure limitations. The ensuing concentration step via nanofiltration achieves an impressive 99 % yield and an extraordinary 215-fold concentration of transition metal ions (>99.8 % purity). The proposed method was validated with 16 different ion pairs to demonstrate its versatility, offering a pragmatic pathway for recycling various transition metal ions from industrial wastewater.