Effect of Interfacial Complexation of Two Oppositely Charged Polyelectrolytes for Low-Voltage Reversible Electroadhesion
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Electro-adhesion offers significant advantages through its programmability and reversibility, which enable a wide range of applications in robotics. The heterojunction of two polyelectrolytes provides an effective means for the reversible control of adhesion at substantially low voltages below 10 V, whereas most traditional dielectric electro-adhesives require several kV of operating voltage. The primary working mechanisms of polyelectrolyte heterojunction electroadhesives are electrostatic interactions between polymeric ions and the formation of complexes at the molecular level of the interface. However, decoupling these forces is challenging, as adhesion also depends on viscoelastic properties, and the current model cannot fully explain the effects of these complexes. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of these complexes on electro-adhesion by calculating energetic terms while excluding the viscoelastic effect through contact adhesion tests.