Interfacial engineering through lead binding using crown ethers in perovskite solar cells
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In the domain of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the imperative to reconcile impressive photovoltaic performance with lead-related issue and environmental stability has driven innovative solutions. This study pioneers an approach that not only rectifies lead leakage but also places paramount importance on the attainment of rigorous interfacial passivation. Crown ethers, notably benzo-18-crown-6-ether (B18C6), were strategically integrated at the perovskite-hole transport material interface. Crown ethers exhibit a dual role: efficiently sequestering and immobilizing Pb2+ ions through host-guest complexation and simultaneously establishing a robust interfacial passivation layer. Photovoltaic devices incorporating these materials achieved exceptional power conversion efficiency (PCE), notably 21.7% for B18C6, underscoring their efficacy in lead binding and interfacial passivation. Notably, these PSCs maintained efficiency even after enduring 300 h of exposure to 85% relative humidity.