Electrically programmable yield strength through low-voltage electro-adhesion of bipolar ion exchange membrane junctions
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Electro-adhesion is the ability of a material to adhere to other materials via electric fields. This property has received significant attention in the fields of haptics and robotics for its potential applications due to its fast response, precise control, and lightweight characteristics. Here, we demonstrate electrical programming of the yield strength of materials using low-voltage adhesion of bipolar IEM(ion exchange membrane) junctions. IEMs on high-modulus substrates are sandwiched between low-modulus elastomers. Under the reverse bias, adhesion between IEMs leads to high yield strength by high-modulus substrates. On the other hand, by applying forward bias, free sliding of IEMs due to low adhesion results in low yield strength from the elastomers. Therefore, by using low-voltage electro-adhesion of bipolar IEMs, we demonstrate a new class of materials capable of electrically switching the yield strength which will have great potential in various fields.