Composite Multicellular Spheroids Containing Fibers with Pores and Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Coating on the Surface for Enhanced Proliferation of Stem Cells
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Spheroids are widely used in tissue engineering for therapeutic treatments and ex vivo tissue modeling due to increased cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions. However, limited oxygen and nutrient diffusion leads to necrotic cores and decreased viability. This study applied porous PCL fibers to enhance spheroid diffusion and improve therapeutic effect. Porous fibers were fabricated through phase separation of the solvent at high humidity and smooth (SF) or porous (PF) surface fibers were used to form spheroids with human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). PF spheroids showed better size and viability compared to SF spheroids. The improvement was confirmed through Hoechst staining and H2O2 diffusion and showed voids formed inside the spheroids. By controlling fiber properties within the spheroid's 3D structure, spheroid diffusion can be improved.