Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoscavengers for Treating Infectious Diseases
발표자
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초록
내용
Bacteremia triggered by antimicrobial resistance pathogens is a global challenge as conventional antibiotic therapy often fails to treat patients. As an adjuvant therapeutic approach, extracorporeal blood treatment has been extensively studied and used in a clinical setting. However, their efficacy has been disputable due to insufficient evidence. To address the unmet challenge, we developed scavenger magnetic nanoparticles enveloped by nanovesicles derived from blood cells (MNVs), which magnetically eradicate an extreme range of pathogens in an extracorporeal circuit. We successfully removed human fecal bacteria, carbapenem-resistant (CR) Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-positive (ESBL- positive) E. coli, vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA), endotoxins, and proinflammatory cytokines in human blood. We also demonstrated that MNVs could deplete virus envelope proteins of Zika, SARS-CoV-2, and their variants in human whole blood. We used severe bacteremia models in rats, which had to be euthanized within a day or two due to their moribund status without any treatment or with antibiotic administration alone. They were successfully recovered after extracorporeal treatment within seven days post-treatment. We also validated that parameters indicating immune homeostasis, such as blood cell counts, cytokine levels, and transcriptomics changes, are restored after the treatment.