Self-Healable Films with Ion Accumulation Multilayer Structures for High-Performance Piezoionic Self-Powered Tactile Sensor
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Piezoionic materials, which generate ion polarization by different ion mobilities, have great potential for the iontronic sensors owing to their self-powered strain direction recognizable features. However, because of their intrinsic low-output signal and slow response time, the sensors have limitations for commercialization. We report herein the enhancement of piezoionic performance using multilayered piezoionic structures, where ion accumulated interface leads to the increase of ion exchange density and improves the recovery rate to the original state. Ion-dipole interaction between cation of ionic liquid (EMIM-TFSI) and anion of PVDF co-polymer (PVDF-HFP) enables to form the self-healable interface which can produce a stable multilayer structure under mechanical deformation. The optimized sensor exhibits ~100% self-healing efficiency under 80 ºC heat for 2 hours. For applications, the multilayered piezoionic sensor is demonstrated to be useful in devices such as braille readers.