Cation Effect on Forward Osmosis Performance of Styrenesulfonate-based Draw Solute Having Lower Critical Solution Temperature
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초록
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Thermo-responsive ionic liquids (ILs), tributylalkylphosphonium styrenesulfonate ([P444#][SS], # = 4, 6, and 8) and tetrabutylammonium styrenesulfonate ([N4444][SS]) were synthesized to investigate the possibility of using draw solute in forward osmosis (FO), where # is the number of carbons of the alkyl groups in tributylalkylphosphonium. ILs in an aqueous solution exhibited a lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase transition, which enables the recovery of the draw solute. LCSTs of 50 wt% aqueous [P4444][SS] and [N4444][SS] solutions were approximately 33 and 66 ºC, respectively. The water and reverse solute fluxes of the [P4444][SS] aqueous solution, which is more efficient in terms of solute recovery, were approximately 8.51 LMH and 1.66 gMH at 50 wt%, respectively, in the active layer facing the draw solution mode. This study demonstrates that an ionic structured material with thermo-responsive properties is a promising draw solute.