Size Engineering of Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Ionomers via Supercritical Fluid Dispersion and Their Electrochemical Applications
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Perfluorinated ionomers have been widely used for both polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) and electrode binder materials in galvanic and electrolytic cell applications owing to their excellent chemical durability and ion-conduction capability. Especially when the ionomer materials are involved in gas evolution and/or reduction reactions, their gas permeation properties are needed to be tuned, maintaining their identical or similar chemical architectures for the formation of stable interface between PEMs and electrode layers containing binders. It is difficult to satisfy these conflicting requirements because of the high dependence on the structure-property relationship frequently observed in perfluorinated ionomers. In this study, ionomer size engineering is carried out in benign solvent atmospheres via supercritical fluid dispersion techniques. Finally, the electrochemical importance of size engineering is disclosed in the wide range of perfluorinated ionomer applications.