High-throughput synthesis of liposomes via microfluidic mixings within 3D-printed thermoplastic devices
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Liposomes has been widely harnessed as nano-carriers for the controlled delivery of therapeutic agents. Liposomes support the encapsulation of various drugs, allowing to protect the loaded cargos from degeneration via immune system. Accurate control over size and tunability of membrane composition are imperative for defining the pharmaceutical properties of liposomal nanomedicines. Microfluidic technologies capable of size-tunable liposome synthesis have been widely explored, but scaling these platforms for higher production rate without sacrificing size control has proven very challenging. Here, we present a unique microfluidic process using 3D-printed platforms that demonstrated precise size control by adjusting inflow rates, as well as facile tunability of its carrier composition by modifying the lipid mixture in the feed, yielding negatively-charged or PEGylated surfaces. The reliable formation of liposomes as small as 27 nm and mass production rate over 20 g/h are demonstrated.