Preparation of monodisperse polyhydroxyalkanoate nanoparticles via membrane emulsification
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Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is biodegradable and biocompatible polyesters which are produced by microorganism. Here, we prepared various PHA nanoparticles with different ratio of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB) by emulsification and evaporation process. Frist, monodisperse chloroform-in-water emulsions with PHA polymers are prepared by membrane emulsification process and then monodisperse nanoparticles are obtained by selectively removing chloroform in solution via slow evaporation. Then, those PHA nanoparticles are utilized as an adhesive for poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) hydrogels. We found that polymer nanoparticles show higher adhesion energy between the hydrogels than ceramic nanoparticles due to the high energy dissipation during the plastic deformation and elastic stretching of polymers.