Size-controlled and monodispersed ferromagnetic nanoparticles-based composites for magnetic field responsive soft actuators
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The development of magnetic-field responsive soft actuators has received great attention due to their remote control, fast response time, and the degree of freedom for shape transformation following the stray field. Despite the precise manipulation of magnetic soft actuators, there are still limitations to applying high magnetic fields for actuation. In this study, we aimed to synthesize size-controlled ferromagnetic nanoparticles with a high saturation magnetization via a hydrothermal method. In addition, the surface-functionalized ferromagnetic nanoparticles enable uniform dispersion in polar solvents and viscous polymer matrices. Thanks to the axial spin alignment and high magnetization of uniformly distributed ferromagnetic nanoparticles in the polymer matrix, the magnetic soft actuators easily transform in a particular direction under a low magnetic field. Our magnetic soft actuators will be useful for dexterous and remote manipulation of robots in disaster scenes, wartime, and aerospace applications.