Monodispersed and highly aligned BaTiO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles-based piezoelectric composites for flexible and self-powered pressure sensors
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The development of flexible and self-powered pressure sensors based on piezoelectric composites has attracted attention to ultra-flexible, low-power, and personalized electronic devices. However, the randomly distributed and oriented piezoelectric fillers in composites cause an axial mismatch between the applied mechanical stress and the strain-induced net dipole moment of the piezoelectric fillers, resulting in a low net polarization. Here, we synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) decorated with BaTiO3 (BTO) nano-fillers and fabricated highly aligned BTO nano-fillers in a polymer matrix under a magnetic field. The axial alignment of BTO nano-fillers in piezoelectric composites enables effective potential generation, resulting in high output power from the external mechanical stress for self-powered pressure sensors. Our ultra-flexible and self-powered pressure sensors can find potential applications in the field of wearable electronics, long-term healthcare monitoring devices, and untethered ultra-light robots.