Directly Assembled Nanostructure of Photosystems and Protonated Carbon Nitride Nanosheets for Efficient Light Harvesting
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Natural photosystems (PSs) are earth-abundant and have sophisticated hierarchical structures that can convert solar energy into chemical fuels. Carbon nitride, a polymeric semiconductor, can absorb visible light regions, has various functional groups on the surface, and has various surfaces and characteristic modification methods. An attempt was made to construct a hybrid structure that maintains the electron transport chain of PSI using surface-modified carbon nitride. The protonated carbon nitride and the surface charge on the lumen side of the PSI can interact with electrostatic attraction. PSI/PCN hybrids exhibited 28 times higher photocurrent than when PSI is used alone. Efficient electron extraction may be due to a stable combination through self-assembly with a fixed direction favorable for electron transfer. In this work, we discuss how to inject/extract electrons in/from natural proteins using polymeric nanostructures by designing well-defined interfaces potentially useful for biosensors and bioenergy applications.