Characteristic studies of modified magnetic halloysite nanotubes in dye removal of Methylene Blue, Rhodamine B, and Sunset Yellow at different pH conditions
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The synthesis method of magnetic halloysite composite is obtained by immobilizing halloysite nanotubes and the mixture of FeCl2/FeCl3 via one-pot synthesis and multi-component reactions. SEM, TEM, XPS, and XRD characterizations are used to determine the surface morphology and Fe3O4 bonding structure inner and outer of nanotubes in acidic, mild, and basic environments. FT-IR, UV–vis, and Raman Spectroscopy analyze the specific chemical bonding and performance of the adsorbents with the appearance of magnetic nanoparticles in several aspects of adsorption capacity, and bonding energy. The composites halloysite/iron oxide is an excellent candidate in dye adsorbing materials in which the magnetic are easily separated by the external magnetic source. These modified magnetic halloysite nanotubes (mHNTs) exhibited high adsorption efficiency in the order of sunset yellow (SY) > methylene blue (MB) > Rhodamine B (RB) in acidic conditions.