Field-effect transistor array with perovskite nanocrystals templated in self-assembled block copolymer that emulates human retina by photoreception and synaptic function
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This paper presents an AI photoreceptive synapse (AIPS) which is a field-effect transistor comprised of perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) templated in self-assembled block copolymer (BCP), which acts as floating gate, leading to photo-excited carrier generation via charge trapping sites in the nanocrystals. Off-centered spin-coating of the BCP-NC solution produced a film thickness gradient that mimics the human vision system’s spatial distribution of cones and rods. Cones are most dense around the fovea, gradually expanding out in area with less density, which is emulated by the morphology of the self-assembled film that varies with film thickness. An array of AIPS demonstrated memory performance by paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation. When undergoing the MNIST handwritten digit recognition test, the array had up to 90% pattern recognition accuracy. Overall, AIPS materializes a retina-emulating system with position-dependent dual function of photoreceptor and synapse.