Controlled Porous Structures of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Inhaler for Pulmonary Vascular Recovery
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초록
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Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an incurable lung disease characterized by elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary artery. Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent regulator of hemodynamics and macrophage reprogramming in the cardiovascular system. However, the therapeutic effects of NO depend on its concentration and its half-life is very short. Pulmonary delivery has advantages such as the ability to escape first-pass metabolism and the large absorptive surface area. In this study, we prepared NO-releasing inhalers with controlled porous structures to modulate the deposition in the respiratory system. NO-releasing inhalers with micro-sized pores showed improved nebulization efficiency than nano-sized ones. Furthermore, the cGMP expression and macrophage polarization were evaluated to confirm the vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects of NO. In conclusion, NO-releasing inhalers could deliver NO to deep lungs and has the potential for pulmonary vascular recovery.