Microwave Assisted Biomass Lignin-Derived Activated Carbon Preparation Process and Application as Efficient Ionic Dye Adsorbent
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Activated carbon is widely used in wastewater treatment due to its high surface area, porosity, and thermal stability. However, the activation process has the disadvantage of prolonged processing time and high energy consumption. In this study, to solve this problem, lignin was activated by a simple microwave technique. Through this, process time reduction, energy reduction, and cost reduction were promoted. Lignin-derived activated carbon produced via a microwave process has been used to remove ionic dyes in wastewater treatment. The adsorption capacity of anionic dye and cationic dye was 465.26mg/g and 463.1mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, as a result of evaluating the reusability through the microwave-based heat regeneration process, the dye removal efficiency was well maintained at over 97% even when reused 5 times. The use of biomass-derived lignin precursors and the introduction of microwave-assisted carbonization and pollutant thermal degradation processes that can replace conventional pyrolysis will be actively applied in the water treatment field in the future.