Brain-on-a-chip models for studying brain diseases
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We present a human-brain-mimetic organ-on-a-chip model, brain-on-a-chip. The brain-on-a-chip was fabricated by coculturing human-originated brain cells in the hydrogel-laden organ-on-a-chip platform. The brain-on-a-chip models not only can mimic the cellular composition and functional aspect of the human brain but also reconstitute the microenvironment of brain tissue such as flow, mechanical properties, and molecular transport. By using the brain-on-a-chip model, various human-specific brain diseases were modeled such as Alzheimer’s disease, air pollution-mediated brain degeneration, and brain tumor. The brain diesease-specific features were recapitulated in brain-on-a-chp models and the efficacy of drugs could be evaluated. It is envisioned that the human brain avatar models can address the unmet needs of human-brain-specific testing platforms and thus help the drug development process.