Effect of three-dimensional culture environment on macrophage polarization in response to Schizophyllan
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초록
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Schizophyllan (SPG), one of water-soluble β-glucans obtained from Schizophyllum commune, has immunomodulatory activity. In most cases, in vitro immune cell and SPG influence studies has relied on tissue culture plate (TCP) that has limitation to mimic 3D microenvironment of native tissue. Here, PEG hydrogel was therefore utilized for macrophage culture and the immunomodulatory effects of SPG on encapsulated macrophage were assessed. In 3D matrix, SPG induced inflammatory responses of RAW264.7 cells with upregulation of M1 phenotype markers. Compared to cells on TCP, 3D-cultured cells were a lower sensitivity to SPG. It was probably due to less cellular uptake and recognition of SPG in 3D. In addition, SPG slightly increased M2 phenotype markers in 3D, indicating macrophages tend to have immune-regulation function. These results imply that PEG-based 3D culture system would be a promising cell culture platform for investigation of the immunomodulatory effects of SPG on macrophage.